一、翻译基本步骤
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找主干
确定句子核心结构：谁是什么（主系表）、谁做什么（主谓宾）、什么被做（被动语态）。
例：《水浒传》是中国文学四大经典之一。- 主干：Water Margin is one of the four classical novels.
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添枝加叶（修饰成分）
补充定语、状语等修饰内容，通过从句、介词短语、分词结构等实现。
例：明朝统治中国 276 年，被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。- 修饰成分：which has ruled China for 276 years（定语从句），in human history（介词短语作定语）。
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检查回读
重点核对：主谓一致、时态正确、单复数一致、无漏译错译。
二、核心句型与表达
（一）one of + 名词复数结构
用法：表示 “…… 之一”，名词需用复数形式，谓语动词用单数。
- 例 1：珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
The Pearl River Delta has become one of the major economic regions and manufacturing centers in China and the world. - 例 2：黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一。
Huangshan is one of the major tourist destinations in China.
补充：“名胜古迹” 可译为 tourist attraction。 - 例 3：大运河是中国历史上最宏伟的工程之一。
The Grand Canal is one of the grandest projects in Chinese history.
（二）“越来越……” 的表达
- 越来越多
- more and more / a growing number of / an increasing number of
- 例：越来越多的外国读者感到这部小说故事生动感人。
A growing number of foreign readers find the story in this novel vivid and touching.
- 程度递进（副词 + 形容词）
- increasingly + adj. /better and better（多用于口语）
- 例：如今，在中国乘地铁正变得越来越方便。
Taking subway in China is becoming increasingly convenient.
（三）经典句式积累
- A 使 B 成为……
- 结构：A has made B + n. /adj.
- 例：都江堰使成都平原成为旱涝保收的沃土。
Dujiangyan has made the Chengdu Plain a fertile land whether in drought or flood.
- 随着……，越来越多……
- 结构：With + n. + 发展，a growing number of… + 谓语
- 例：随着中国经济增长，越来越多人开始学汉语。
With the rapid growth of Chinese economy, a growing number of people from other countries start to learn Chinese.
- 被动语态表达
- 结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 + 修饰语
- 例：明朝被描绘成最伟大的时代之一。
The Ming Dynasty is described as one of the greatest eras in human history.
（四）高频词汇与搭配
| 中文表达 | 英文对应词汇 / 短语 | 例句示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 经济区域 | economic region | The Pearl River Delta is a major economic region. |
| 制造中心 | manufacturing center | It has become a global manufacturing center. |
| 产茶地 | tea-producing place | Huangshan is one of China’s major tea-producing places. |
| 高铁 | high-speed train | More people travel by high-speed train during holidays. |
| 拓展视野 | broaden one’s horizons | Studying abroad helps broaden students’ horizons. |
| 改革开放 | reform and opening up | Thanks to reform and opening up, China has developed rapidly. |
| 人工河 | artificial / man-made river | The Grand Canal is the longest man-made river in the world. |
（五）易错点提醒
- 单复数一致
- one of 后必须接名词复数，如 “one of the four classical novels”（而非 novel）。
- 时态选择
- 表达历史事实用一般过去时，如 “The Ming Dynasty ruled China for 276 years.”；
- 强调持续影响用现在完成时，如 “Dujiangyan has made the Chengdu Plain a fertile land.”。
- 介词搭配
- “从…… 到……” 用 start from…to…，如 “The canal starts from Beijing to Hangzhou.”；
- “有利于……” 用 be beneficial to，如 “Humid climate is beneficial to tea trees.”。
三、翻译实战练习（附参考译文）
（一）句子翻译
- 原文：苏州是中国最著名的园林城市之一，以古典园林闻名于世。
参考译文：Suzhou is one of the most famous garden cities in China, renowned for its classical gardens. - 原文：随着科技发展，越来越多的人选择在线学习。
参考译文：With the development of technology, an increasing number of people choose to study online.
（二）段落翻译（节选）
原文：
近年来，中国越来越多的博物馆免费向公众开放。如今，展览形式越来越多样，越来越多的人在假日参观博物馆，拓展文化视野。
参考译文：
In recent years, an increasing number of museums in China have been open to the public for free. Nowadays, there are more and more forms of exhibitions, and a growing number of people visit museums during holidays to broaden their cultural horizons.